Arent they spoilerons?
They act like spoilers, detroying some lift on that wing, pushing it down more. So, especially when in a hard turn, the spoilerons will come up on the into-turn wing to make it drop quicker. When the controls are centered as bank angle is reached, the ailerons and spoilerons should become centered again. I think theyre the same panels as spoilers, but on some aircraft it may be that only some of the spoiler panels act as spoilerons.
Ranger or Airrabbit are sure to correct me and add much more information.
If I were to be in FS preaching mode, I'd say go on flight sim and have a look on something like the 737. Even when on the ground, move your joystick way out to the left/right and have a look at the control surfaces. Then hit the / key, which is the spoilers key. You should see the same central panels rise again.
Of course, if you can do this in a real plane, all the better!